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"Rama is typical of the families in the study, as Senegalese languages and spoken media are normally preferred when communicating with parents and grandparents in Senegal," explains Professor Androutsopoulos.
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In addition, the decision for a specific language and language mode is also related to the competencies of particular addressees. Most of the informants with Senegalese background, for example, have never learned to read or write vernacular languages such as Wolof, as French is the official language of instruction in Senegal," explains Kristin Vold Lexander. "This is due to the fact that they have different levels of competencies in the different languages they know. Rama’smediagram shows that she uses five different languages when communicating with family and close friends in Norway, Senegal and France. Rama uses these languages in both writing and speaking, and maintains most of her contacts by Facebook messenger, whereas phone calls, SMS and Snapchat are reserved to specific partners. to her grandmothers), others up to four (e.g. Some connections involve only one language (e.g.
![linguistic repertoire linguistic repertoire](https://duallanguageschools.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/thumbnail_meme-Dual-Language4.jpg)
Rama's mediagram (see picture), for example, shows that she draws on five different languages to communicate with family and close friends in Norway, Senegal and France," explains Kristin Vold Lexander. "We visualise these networks in "mediagrams," a kind of social network graph that represents language and media choices of our informants to various members of their nuclear and extended family as well as close friends. In a couple of minutes, Rama uses several parts of her linguistic repertoire to communicate on various media with family and friends in Norway and elsewhere in the world." She notices that she has received a Snapchat video in Norwegian from her friends from school, and then a Facebook messenger voice message in Wolof from her cousin in France comes in, just as she is reading the usual good night message from her mother, in French and English. "Rama hangs up after a phone call with her grandmother in Senegal, who only accepts the Joola language in their conversations. They describe a typical situation for one of the informants in the study – anonymised with the name "Rama": "Our field work shows that the family members use a range of digital communication applications to maintain and expand their communication network in Norway, Senegal and other parts of the world," confirm the researchers. They have conducted field work involving four Senegalese background families in Norway. Professor Jannis Androutsopoulos and Postdoctoral Fellow Kristin Vold Lexander at MultiLing (the Center for Multilingualism in Society across the Lifespan) at the University of Oslo have researched the interplay of various languages and media for interpersonal communication.